Lebanon (country) (in Arabic, Lubnan), officially the Lebanese Republic, republic in the Middle East, bordered on the north and east by Syria, on the south-east and south by Israel, and on the west by the Mediterranean Sea. Its area is 10,452 sq km (4,036 sq mi). The capital and leading port is Beirut.
POPULATION
The population of Lebanon is 3,777,218 (2004 estimate); the overall density is about 369 people per sq km (956 per sq mi). About 90 per cent of the people live in urban areas.
LANGUAGE
The official language is Standard Arabic but French also has some official status according to the constitution. Standard Arabic is a second language, taught in schools and used in formal domains and for communication across Arab nations. The more popular form of Arabic, and the mother tongue for most Lebanese, is North Levantine Spoken Arabic. French is used daily by around 20 per cent of the people; many more are competent in the language, and it is used in most schools as the language of instruction. In addition to these languages, Armenian is the first language of a small percentage of the population, and is spoken widely as a second language. English can also be heard occasionally.
RELIGION
The most prevalent religion in Lebanon numerically is Islam, with around 40 per cent of the population adhering to Shiism and some 21 per cent to Sunni Islam. The principal denominations of Christians, who make up about 32 per cent of the population, are Maronite, Greek Orthodox Church, Armenian Church, and Protestant. Druze make up about 7 per cent.
POPULATION
The population of Lebanon is 3,777,218 (2004 estimate); the overall density is about 369 people per sq km (956 per sq mi). About 90 per cent of the people live in urban areas.
LANGUAGE
The official language is Standard Arabic but French also has some official status according to the constitution. Standard Arabic is a second language, taught in schools and used in formal domains and for communication across Arab nations. The more popular form of Arabic, and the mother tongue for most Lebanese, is North Levantine Spoken Arabic. French is used daily by around 20 per cent of the people; many more are competent in the language, and it is used in most schools as the language of instruction. In addition to these languages, Armenian is the first language of a small percentage of the population, and is spoken widely as a second language. English can also be heard occasionally.
RELIGION
The most prevalent religion in Lebanon numerically is Islam, with around 40 per cent of the population adhering to Shiism and some 21 per cent to Sunni Islam. The principal denominations of Christians, who make up about 32 per cent of the population, are Maronite, Greek Orthodox Church, Armenian Church, and Protestant. Druze make up about 7 per cent.
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